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diff --git a/book/en/src/migration.md b/book/en/src/migration.md index 7be3094..08feb81 100644 --- a/book/en/src/migration.md +++ b/book/en/src/migration.md @@ -1,331 +1,4 @@ -# Migration of RTIC +# Migration Guides -## Migrating from v0.5.x to v0.6.0 - -This section describes how to upgrade from v0.5.x to v0.6.0 of the RTIC framework. - -### `Cargo.toml` - version bump - -Change the version of `cortex-m-rtic` to `"0.6.0"`. - -### Module instead of Const - -With the support of attributes on modules the `const APP` workaround is not needed. - -Change - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - [code here] -}; -``` - -into - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -mod app { - [code here] -} -``` - -Now that a regular Rust module is used it means it is possible to have custom -user code within that module. -Additionally, it means that `use`-statements for resources etc may be required. - -### Init always returns late resources - -In order to make the API more symmetric the #[init]-task always returns a late resource. - -From this: - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(device = lm3s6965)] -mod app { - #[init] - fn init(_: init::Context) { - rtic::pend(Interrupt::UART0); - } - [more code] -} -``` - -to this: - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(device = lm3s6965)] -mod app { - #[init] - fn init(_: init::Context) -> init::LateResources { - rtic::pend(Interrupt::UART0); - - init::LateResources {} - } - [more code] -} -``` - -### Resources struct - #[resources] - -Previously the RTIC resources had to be in in a struct named exactly "Resources": - -``` rust -struct Resources { - // Resources defined in here -} -``` - -With RTIC v0.6.0 the resources struct is annotated similarly like -`#[task]`, `#[init]`, `#[idle]`: with an attribute `#[resources]` - -``` rust -#[resources] -struct Resources { - // Resources defined in here -} -``` - -In fact, the name of the struct is now up to the developer: - -``` rust -#[resources] -struct whateveryouwant { - // Resources defined in here -} -``` - -would work equally well. - -## Migrating from v0.4.x to v0.5.0 - -This section covers how to upgrade an application written against RTIC v0.4.x to -the version v0.5.0 of the framework. - -### `Cargo.toml` - -First, the version of the `cortex-m-rtic` dependency needs to be updated to -`"0.5.0"`. The `timer-queue` feature needs to be removed. - -``` toml -[dependencies.cortex-m-rtic] -# change this -version = "0.4.3" - -# into this -version = "0.5.0" - -# and remove this Cargo feature -features = ["timer-queue"] -# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -``` - -### `Context` argument - -All functions inside the `#[rtic::app]` item need to take as first argument a -`Context` structure. This `Context` type will contain the variables that were -magically injected into the scope of the function by version v0.4.x of the -framework: `resources`, `spawn`, `schedule` -- these variables will become -fields of the `Context` structure. Each function within the `#[rtic::app]` item -gets a different `Context` type. - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - // change this - #[task(resources = [x], spawn = [a], schedule = [b])] - fn foo() { - resources.x.lock(|x| /* .. */); - spawn.a(message); - schedule.b(baseline); - } - - // into this - #[task(resources = [x], spawn = [a], schedule = [b])] - fn foo(mut cx: foo::Context) { - // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - - cx.resources.x.lock(|x| /* .. */); - // ^^^ - - cx.spawn.a(message); - // ^^^ - - cx.schedule.b(message, baseline); - // ^^^ - } - - // change this - #[init] - fn init() { - // .. - } - - // into this - #[init] - fn init(cx: init::Context) { - // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - // .. - } - - // .. -}; -``` - -### Resources - -The syntax used to declare resources has been changed from `static mut` -variables to a `struct Resources`. - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - // change this - static mut X: u32 = 0; - static mut Y: u32 = (); // late resource - - // into this - struct Resources { - #[init(0)] // <- initial value - X: u32, // NOTE: we suggest changing the naming style to `snake_case` - - Y: u32, // late resource - } - - // .. -}; -``` - -### Device peripherals - -If your application was accessing the device peripherals in `#[init]` through -the `device` variable then you'll need to add `peripherals = true` to the -`#[rtic::app]` attribute to continue to access the device peripherals through -the `device` field of the `init::Context` structure. - -Change this: - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - #[init] - fn init() { - device.SOME_PERIPHERAL.write(something); - } - - // .. -}; -``` - -Into this: - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */, peripherals = true)] -// ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -const APP: () = { - #[init] - fn init(cx: init::Context) { - // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - cx.device.SOME_PERIPHERAL.write(something); - // ^^^ - } - - // .. -}; -``` - -### `#[interrupt]` and `#[exception]` - -The `#[interrupt]` and `#[exception]` attributes have been removed. To declare -hardware tasks in v0.5.x use the `#[task]` attribute with the `binds` argument. - -Change this: - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - // hardware tasks - #[exception] - fn SVCall() { /* .. */ } - - #[interrupt] - fn UART0() { /* .. */ } - - // software task - #[task] - fn foo() { /* .. */ } - - // .. -}; -``` - -Into this: - -``` rust -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - #[task(binds = SVCall)] - // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - fn svcall(cx: svcall::Context) { /* .. */ } - // ^^^^^^ we suggest you use a `snake_case` name here - - #[task(binds = UART0)] - // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ - fn uart0(cx: uart0::Context) { /* .. */ } - - #[task] - fn foo(cx: foo::Context) { /* .. */ } - - // .. -}; -``` - -### `schedule` - -The `timer-queue` feature has been removed. To use the `schedule` API one must -first define the monotonic timer the runtime will use using the `monotonic` -argument of the `#[rtic::app]` attribute. To continue using the cycle counter -(CYCCNT) as the monotonic timer, and match the behavior of version v0.4.x, add -the `monotonic = rtic::cyccnt::CYCCNT` argument to the `#[rtic::app]` attribute. - -Also, the `Duration` and `Instant` types and the `U32Ext` trait have been moved -into the `rtic::cyccnt` module. This module is only available on ARMv7-M+ -devices. The removal of the `timer-queue` also brings back the `DWT` peripheral -inside the core peripherals struct, this will need to be enabled by the application -inside `init`. - -Change this: - -``` rust -use rtic::{Duration, Instant, U32Ext}; - -#[rtic::app(/* .. */)] -const APP: () = { - #[task(schedule = [b])] - fn a() { - // .. - } -}; -``` - -Into this: - -``` rust -use rtic::cyccnt::{Duration, Instant, U32Ext}; -// ^^^^^^^^ - -#[rtic::app(/* .. */, monotonic = rtic::cyccnt::CYCCNT)] -// ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -const APP: () = { - #[init] - fn init(cx: init::Context) { - cx.core.DWT.enable_cycle_counter(); - // optional, configure the DWT run without a debugger connected - cx.core.DCB.enable_trace(); - } - #[task(schedule = [b])] - fn a(cx: a::Context) { - // .. - } -}; -``` +This section describes how to migrate between different version of RTIC. +It also acts as a comparing reference between versions. |